Geogrid Retaining Walls & Bridge Abutments
The cost-effective alternative to conventional retaining walls
Retaining walls for bridge abutments and wing walls provide lateral support to the embankment fill, carrying the full bridge deck load. Here, the bridge abutment wall can also act as the substructure at either end of the bridge span to provide vertical and lateral support for the superstructure.
Geogrid earth retaining walls are vital for sites featuring sloping terrain - where maximum developable area must be maintained - or requiring abrupt surface level change. These retaining wall structures also provide thrust relief against earth pressure acting on buried structures.
The TensarTech range uses soil reinforcement geogrids securely connected to system-specific facing components. TensarTech’s fully integrated retaining wall systems and bridge abutment wall solutions are easy to install, and provide long-term durability, performance and structural integrity. They reduce construction costs as a lower-cost alternative to reinforced concrete or piled retaining walls or by the use of varied backfill materials – including recycled and site-won materials.
Reinforced Soil Walls
Mechanically stabilised earth (MSE) retaining walls offer a zone of earth fill behind the vertical face, stabilised with reinforcing geogrids or geotextile laid horizontally back from the face in layers, retaining the fill behind. Often used for bridge abutment walls, the external face of the structure is usually concrete block, precast concrete panels or steel mesh geotextile. This cladding is non-structural and is supported by the stabilised fill, usually by attachment to the reinforcement geogrids.
Correctly designed reinforced soil wall structures are capable of carrying high surcharge loading, making them suitable for building bridge abutment retaining walls. Tensar’s design software TensarSoil provides this capability and more.
Bridge Abutments Walls
Bridge abutment walls can be straightforward earth-retaining structures supporting the embankment fill only, with vertical bridge loading carried separately on columns and piles.
However, it has become more common to support the bank seat directly on the reinforced soil block, transferring all bridge loading into the reinforced soil structure. TensarTech Wall System bridge abutment wall solutions offer major cost savings and reductions in construction time compared to supporting the bank seat on columns or load-bearing reinforced concrete walls.
Thrust Relief Walls
Buried structures are subject to lateral loading due to the earth pressure. It is possible to separate lateral earth loading from vertical loading on such structures by the use of thrust-relief retaining walls – or pressure-relief walls outside of the buried structure. TensarTech retaining walls are ideally suited to thrust relief, as the stabilised soil block supports all lateral earth loading, leaving the buried structure to carry only vertical and hydrostatic loading.
In the same way, thrust relief structures have been utilised to reduce earth pressure acting on old masonry walls or bridge works. In some cases, lightweight aggregates have been adopted for the reinforced fill to minimise bearing pressure behind the protected structure. This approach has been used to protect many existing structures of historical or architectural significance.
Temporary Earth Retaining Walls
Temporary earth retaining walls are required for many types of staged construction. Driven pile systems have been the preferred choice for many years, but these systems are expensive, requiring heavy lifting and pile-driving equipment as well as skilled labour for installation.
The TensarTech TR2 temporary retaining wall system is a proven technology that allows you to build temporary walls without the challenges and expense of other techniques. With an economical wire-form geotextile facing system, lightweight installation equipment and use of unskilled labour, TensarTech TR2 temporary Walls provide a durable, low-cost alternative. These retaining walls are ideal for staged construction, traffic maintenance, haul road bridge abutments and similar projects.
What Is a Geogrid Retaining Wall?
A retaining wall is a wall that holds back earth or water on one side of it. Above ground, retaining walls are vertical, or near-vertical, structures designed to create level areas on sloping sites. Geogrid, a woven fabric boasting high tensile strength, can be positioned between layers of the retaining walls to increase its bearing capacity and the soil’s resistance to differential settlement.
How Do Geogrid Retaining Walls Work?
Geogrid retaining walls are designed to restrain soil, or engineering fill, at an angle steeper than the material’s angle of repose – the steepest angle it can hold naturally, without failing. To do this, they need to be able to withstand the horizontal–or lateral–earth pressure.
This pressure depends on the weight of the soil behind the wall, which increases with the height and density of the fill. Typically, the most pressure is at the base of the wall because the deeper the fill, the heavier it is.
What Is a Bridge Abutment Wall?
A bridge abutment wall is a fundamental component of a bridge structure, serving as a crucial connection point between the deck of the bridge and the ground. Positioned at the ends of a bridge span, the abutment plays a pivotal role in distributing and transferring the weight of the bridge both horizontally and vertically.
Horizontally, the abutment wall withstands the lateral forces exerted by the bridge deck, ensuring stability and preventing horizontal movement. Vertically, it bears the vertical load of the bridge, supporting its weight and transmitting it safely into the ground below.
In essence, the bridge abutment retaining wall acts as a sturdy anchor, anchoring the bridge securely to the ground and providing essential structural support for the entire bridge system.
The Benefits of Geotextile & Geogrid Retaining Walls
There are many benefits to using Tensar geogrid retaining walls and reinforced soil structures. These systems can significantly reduce costs through the elimination of foundation requirements and the use of ‘lower quality’ fill materials such as recycled aggregates, site-won materials and PFA.
Other benefits of geogrid retaining walls include:
120-year design life certification for both retaining walls and bridge abutments.
Rapid construction without the need for heavy lifting equipment or supporting formwork.
A wide choice of facing, including modular blocks, concrete panels, rock-filled units or stone or masonry cladding. Selection can be based on construction cost, service life, aesthetics, or project-specific needs and conditions.
The Benefits of Geogrid Bridge Abutment Walls
Load-bearing bridge abutments incorporating Tensar geogrid retaining walls have proven to be very effective when subjected to seismic loading, with reduced settlements and structural damage. Alternative methods of eliminating thermally induced lateral loading have high maintenance requirements, resulting in inherent disruption and costs.
Tensar has developed design techniques for reinforced soil integral bridge abutments where all lateral loads are transmitted directly to the bank seat. Loading is carried by the stabilised soil block, including the cyclic lateral bridge deck loading.
Geogrid Retaining Wall Products & Systems
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Design with confidence, from anywhere.
The TensarSoil design program allows the design engineer to produce designs for reinforced soil walls, slopes and bridge abutments.
